Study of NOT Gate and verification of output with truth-table.

Objective: - To Study of NOT Gate and verification of output with truth-table.
Apparatus required:-The following electronics components are required.
•NOT Gate (IC-7404)
•Digital IC Trainer KIT
•Breadboard
•Connecting wires
Description:-
Circuit that takes the logical decision and the process are called logic gates. Each gate has one or more input and only one output. OR, AND & NOT are basic gates. NAND, NOR and X-OR are known as universal gates.
The NOT gate is an electronic circuit that produces an inverted version of the input at its output. It is also known as an inverter. If the input variable is A, the inverted output is known as NOT A. This is also shown as A', or A with a bar over the top, as shown at the outputs. The diagrams below show two ways that the NAND logic gate can be configured to produce a NOT gate. It can also be done using NOR logic gates in the same way.
Symbol:- 

Schematic Pin Diagram:-

Pin Diagram of NOT Gate:-

Truth-Table:-

Boolean Expression: -
If inputs is A and Output (Y) will be Inverse of A. Y= NOT A
Procedure to Perform:-
•Take Digital Trainer KIT including Breadboard, IC 7408 and connecting leads (wires).
•Insert IC on the Breadboard.
•According to pin configuration of IC perform the connections.
•Connect VCC (+5V) to pin no.14 and Connect Pin no. 7 to GND of IC.
•Connect the NOT Gate input connection to the input switched D0 or D1 to the Digital Trainer KIT.
(Inputs are pin no 1,3,5,8,10,12 and Outputs are pin no 2,4,6,9,11,13). 
•Connect to the Output of the NOT Gate LED 0 of Digital Trainer KIT.
•Switch On the Digital IC Trainer KIT.
•Apply the various combination of Truth table and verify the output at LEDs.
•If output LED glows RED it shows logic HIGH or 1.
•If output LED glows GREEN it shows logic LOW or 0.
•Switch off the Digital Trainer KIT after performing the Experiment.
•Disconnect Output from the LED and note down the corresponding multi-meter voltage reading for various combinations of inputs (not required).
Conclusion: - All the output verified the result of Truth Table.
Precaution in lab:-
•All the connections should be tight and proper.
•Handle the ICs carefully.
•Check the connection once again before Switching on the Digital Trainer KIT.
•Switch of the Trainer Kit after performing the Experiment.

Study of OR Gate and verification of output with truth-table.

Objective: - To Study of OR Gate and verification of output with truth-table.
Apparatus required:-The following electronics components are required.
•OR Gate (IC-7432)
•Digital IC Trainer KIT
•Breadboard
•Connecting wires
Description:-
Circuit that takes the logical decision and the process are called logic gates. Each gate has one or more input and only one output. OR, AND &NOT are basic gates. NAND, NOR and X-OR are known as universal gates.
The OR gate performs a logical addition commonly known as OR function. The output is high when any one of the inputs is high. The outputs low level when both the inputs are low. The plus (+) is used to show the OR operations.
Symbol:-

Schematic Pin Diagram:-

Pin Diagram OR Gate:-

Boolean Expression: -
If inputs are A and B and Output is (Y) the expression is Y= A+B
Procedure to Perform:-
•Take Digital Trainer KIT including Breadboard, IC 7408 and connecting leads (wires).
•Insert IC on the Breadboard.
•According to pin configuration of IC perform the connections.
•Connect VCC (+5V) to pin no.14 and Connect Pin no. 7 to GND of IC.
•Connect the OR Gate input connection to the input switched D0 and D1 to the Digital Trainer KIT(Inputs are pin no (1,2),(4,5),(8,9),(11,12) and Outputs are pin no 3, 6, 10, 13). 
•Connect to the Output of the OR Gate LED 0 of Digital Trainer KIT.
•Switch On the Digital IC Trainer KIT.
•Apply the various combination of Truth table and verify the output at LEDs.
•If output LED glows RED it shows logic HIGH or 1.
•If output LED glows GREEN it shows logic LOW or 0.
•Switch off the Digital Trainer KIT after performing the Experiment.
•Disconnect Output from the LED and note down the corresponding multi-meter voltage reading for various combination of inputs (not required).
Conclusion: - All the output verified the result of Truth Table.
Precaution in lab:-
•All the connections should be tight and proper.
•Handle the ICs carefully.
•Check the connection once again before Switching on the Digital Trainer KIT.
•Switch of the Trainer Kit after performing the Experiment.

Study of AND Gate and verification of output with truth-table.

Objective: - To Study of AND Gate and verification of output with truth-table.

Apparatus required:-The following electronics components are required.

•AND Gate (IC-7408)

•Digital IC Trainer KIT

•Breadboard

•Connecting wires

Description:-

Circuit that takes the logical decision and the process are called logic gates. Each gate has one or more input and only one output. OR, AND & NOT are basic gates. NAND, NOR and X-OR are known as universal gates.

The AND gate performs a logical multiplication commonly known as AND function. The output is high when both the inputs are high. The output is low level when any one of the inputs is low. A dot (.) is used to show the AND operation as A.B

Symbol:-

Schematic Pin Diagram:-

Pin diagram of AND Gate:-

 Truth-table:-

 Boolean Expression: -

If inputs are A and B and Output is Y then expression is Y= A.B

Procedure to Perform:-

•Take Digital Trainer KIT including Breadboard, IC 7408 and connecting leads (wires).

•Insert IC on the Breadboard.

•According to pin configuration of IC perform the connections.

•Connect VCC (+5V) to pin no.14 and Connect Pin no. 7 to GND of IC.

•Connect the AND Gate input connection to the input switched D0 and D1 to the Digital Trainer KIT (Inputs are pin no (1,2),(4,5),(8,9),(11,12) and Outputs are pin no 3, 6, 10, 13).

•Connect to the Output of the AND Gate LED 0 of Digital Trainer KIT.

•Switch On the Digital IC Trainer KIT.

•Apply the various combination of Truth table and verify the output at LED's.

•If output LED glows RED it shows logic HIGH or 1.

•If output LED glows GREEN it shows logic LOW or 0.

•Switch off the Digital Trainer KIT after performing the Experiment.

•Disconnect Output from the LED and note down the corresponding multi-meter voltage reading for various combination of inputs (not required).

Conclusion: - All the output verified the result of Truth Table.

Precaution in lab:-

•All the connections should be tight and proper.

•Handle the ICs carefully.

•Check the connection once again before Switching on the Digital Trainer KIT.

•Switch of the Trainer Kit after performing the Experiment.